PowerScore LSAT Terminology Quiz Results

function Question (qname, type, qstring, response, comment, corrects, explan, score, ifcorrect,ifwrong,ifnull, img) {this.qname=qname; this.type=type; this.qstring=qstring; this.response=response; this.comment=comment; this.corrects=corrects; this.explan=explan; this.score=score; this.ifcorrect=ifcorrect; this.ifwrong=ifwrong; this.ifnull=ifnull; this.img=img; } var zin=1,top=0, mycount=0, waitTime=0, qright=0, mycomment; var global=new Array(3); var recent, recent2, recdone=false, opera7, opera=CheckOpera56(); function cachewrite(s,idx){global[idx]+=s;} function CheckOpera56() { var version; if (navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase().indexOf('opera') == -1) return false; version=parseInt(navigator.appVersion.toLowerCase()); if (version>6) {opera7=true; return false;} if (version<5) return false; return true; } resp=new Array("(A) Probably true","(B) To come between","(C) Most likely","(D) Must be true","(E) Could be true

") corr=new Array("0","0","0","1","0") comm="" valu="" quest001 = new Question( "Question 1 - INFERENCE", 0, "INFERENCE:", resp, comm, corr, "The word “inference,” as it is used in logic and on the LSAT, means “must be true.” In daily life, most people use “inference” to mean “probably true,” “most likely,” or “could be true,” but those definitions will lead to missed LSAT questions.

", valu, 1, 0, 0, ""); resp=new Array("(A) Comparative","(B) To be related in some way","(C) Contingent","(D) A simultaneous event","(E) Proof of something

") corr=new Array("0","1","0","0","0") comm="" valu="" quest002 = new Question( "Question 2 - CORRELATION", 0, "CORRELATION:", resp, comm, corr, " A correlation is a relationship between two entities, especially when the movements of the two entities match closely. For example, a correlation may exist between handgun sales and murder rates, or between speeding and car crashes. A positive correlation is where the two values move together, as in a positive correlation between education and income. A negative correlation is where the two values move in opposite directions, as in a negative correlation between age and eyesight.

", valu, 1, 0, 0, ""); resp=new Array("(A) An amount greater than none","(B) An amount greater than one","(C) A large quantity","(D) A majority","(E) A majority, but not all

") corr=new Array("0","0","0","1","0") comm="" valu="" quest003 = new Question( "Question 3 - MOST", 0, "MOST:", resp, comm, corr, "This is a tricky question, and most students select answer choice E. Although answer choice E reflects how the term “most” is used in the real world, on the LSAT the logical definition of “most” is used, and “most” can include “all.” PowerScore’s LSAT Logical Reasoning Bible contains an excellent section that discusses formal logic terms such as “most.”

", valu, 1, 0, 0, ""); resp=new Array("(A) A small animal","(B) A thing that goes before","(C) A preconceived notion","(D) In the process of dying","(E) The process of growing in

") corr=new Array("0","1","0","0","0") comm="" valu="" quest004 = new Question( "Question 4 - ANTECEDENT", 0, "ANTECEDENT:

", resp, comm, corr, "Antecedents typically play a role in causal reasoning, where understanding that one event must happen before another is important. Identifying the correct definition is made easier if you recognize the prefix ante-, which means “prior to” or “before.”

", valu, 1, 0, 0, ""); resp=new Array("(A) One and only one","(B) Both","(C) One or the other, but not both","(D) At least one of the two","(E) One of each

") corr=new Array("0","0","0","1","0") comm="" valu="" quest005 = new Question( "Question 5 - EITHER…OR", 0, "EITHER…OR

", resp, comm, corr, "This is another difficult question, primarily because most people use the phrase “either…or” in the real world to mean “one or the other, but not both” or “one and only one.” Yet, on the LSAT, the proper logical definition is used, and that definition states that “either…or” means “at least one, possibly both.” Hence, if an LSAT speaker states that, “Either Kim or Kwame will attend law school,” it is still possible that both will attend law school.

", valu, 1, 0, 0, ""); resp=new Array("(A) Never arrested","(B) Reasonable","(C) Unjustified","(D) At peace","(E) A short argument

") corr=new Array("0","0","1","0","0") comm="" valu="" quest006 = new Question( "Question 6 - UNWARRANTED", 0, "UNWARRANTED:

", resp, comm, corr, "“Unwarranted” means unjustified or groundless. For example, an unwarranted assumption is an assumption made for no reason or without any supporting facts.

", valu, 1, 0, 0, ""); resp=new Array("(A) Could be true","(B) Not necessarily possible","(C) Cannot be true","(D) Cannot be false","(E) Must be true

") corr=new Array("0","0","1","0","0") comm="" valu="" quest007 = new Question( "Question 7 - MUST BE FALSE", 0, "MUST BE FALSE:

", resp, comm, corr, "“Must be false” is identical in meaning to “cannot be true.” As detailed in the LSAT Logic Games Bible, when faced with a question posed in terms of falsity, you should always convert that statement into terms of truth. The Games Bible details the entire range of conversions, including those for “cannot be false,” “could be false” and “not necessarily false.”

", valu, 1, 0, 0, ""); resp=new Array("(A) A slowing down","(B) An examination","(C) Encompassing","(D) A contradictory situation","(E) Two identical situations

") corr=new Array("0","0","0","1","0") comm="" valu="" quest008 = new Question( "Question 8 - PARADOX", 0, "PARADOX:

", resp, comm, corr, "A “paradox” is a seemingly contradictory situation that is still possibly true. For example, “Although car anti-theft devices have been proven effective, cars outfitted with such devices are still stolen at a higher rate than cars not outfitted with such devices.” In this case, a possible explanation would be that the cars with anti-theft devices happened to be nicer cars that were more prized by car thieves.

", valu, 1, 0, 0, ""); resp=new Array("(A) Some are not","(B) Some","(C) Less than the majority","(D) None","(E) A minority

") corr=new Array("1","0","0","0","0") comm="" valu="" quest009 = new Question( "Question 9 - NOT ALL", 0, "NOT ALL:

", resp, comm, corr, "“Not all” and “some are not” are identical in meaning. In formal logic terms, “not all” means “at least one is not, possibly all are not.” So, if an LSAT speaker says, “Not all of the shirts are green,” it is possible that none of the shirts are green.

", valu, 1, 0, 0, ""); resp=new Array("(A) Unstated premise","(B) Inference","(C) An opinion","(D) An unwarranted conclusion","(E) Could be true

") corr=new Array("1","0","0","0","0") comm="" valu="" quest010 = new Question( "Question 10 - ASSUMPTION", 0, "ASSUMPTION:

", resp, comm, corr, "An “assumption” is a statement that is presupposed by the author to support the conclusion; a premise is also a statement that supports the conclusion, and thus an “assumption” is an “unstated premise.” In addition, in the logical parlance used by PowerScore, a valid assumption is also a necessary condition for a valid argument.

", valu, 1, 0, 0, ""); resp=new Array("(A) Differ","(B) Undermine","(C) Reply","(D) Incontestable","(E) Irrelevant

") corr=new Array("0","1","0","0","0") comm="" valu="" quest011 = new Question( "Question 11 - REFUTE", 0, "REFUTE:

", resp, comm, corr, "To “refute” an argument is to attack or undermine that argument. The test makers use a variety of synonyms—such as “refute, “undermine,” and “weaken”—to confuse test takers and trick them into thinking that they are seeing many different questions types when in fact they are just seeing variations on standard question categories. In the PowerScore Weekend LSAT Course we discuss these question categories in detail.

", valu, 1, 0, 0, ""); resp=new Array("(A) Unequal","(B) Mute","(C) In disagreement","(D) Clear","(E) Poorly supported

") corr=new Array("0","0","0","1","0") comm="" valu="" quest012 = new Question( "Question 12 - UNEQUIVOCAL", 0, "UNEQUIVOCAL:

", resp, comm, corr, "“Unequivocal” means “clear” or “certain,” as in having only one meaning or interpretation.

", valu, 1, 0, 0, ""); resp=new Array("(A) Lengthen","(B) A navigational device","(C) Existing","(D) Ecstatic","(E) Outward

") corr=new Array("0","0","1","0","0") comm="" valu="" quest013 = new Question( "Question 13 - EXTANT", 0, "EXTANT:

", resp, comm, corr, "“Extant” means “to still exist.” For example, “Dinosaurs are no longer extant.” Many students missed a well-known LSAT question because they were not familiar with this word.

", valu, 1, 0, 0, ""); resp=new Array("(A) Only","(B) Never","(C) All","(D) If","(E) Most

") corr=new Array("1","0","0","0","0") comm="" valu="" quest014 = new Question( "Question 14 - NONE BUT", 0, "NONE BUT:

", resp, comm, corr, "The phrase “none but” is rarely seen on the LSAT, but very difficult to quickly analyze during the test. “None but” is equivalent to “only,” and for those of you familiar with conditional reasoning as discussed within the PowerScore Full-length LSAT Course, “none but” introduces a necessary condition.

", valu, 1, 0, 0, ""); resp=new Array("(A) Agreement","(B) Identical","(C) Cannot be","(D) Could be","(E) To promote

") corr=new Array("0","0","0","1","0") comm="" valu="" quest015 = new Question( "Question 15 - CONSISTENT", 0, "CONSISTENT:

", resp, comm, corr, "As with questions #1, #3, #5, and #9, this question contains a term that is often used differently in the real world than on the LSAT. Most people use the word “consistent” to mean “in agreement” or “compatible.” Yet, the LSAT definition of “consistent” has often been “could be.” Let’s consider why this makes sense. “Consistent” and “inconsistent” are opposites. “Inconsistent,” in a logical sense, means “cannot be true.” “Consistent,” therefore, means the opposite or “could be true.” This leads to a situation where statements that appear inconsistent are in fact consistent. For example, consider the following two statements: 1. All cars are blue. 2. My best friend is tall. Most people would say these two statements are inconsistent since they do not address the same topic and agree about that topic. However, on the LSAT, statements similar to these two have been viewed as consistent.

", valu, 1, 0, 0, ""); questions = new Array ( quest001,quest002,quest003,quest004,quest005,quest006,quest007,quest008,quest009,quest010,quest011,quest012,quest013,quest014,quest015) function doQuestion(quest) { var numdo; var numord=eval(quest+1); var i=-1, ii, type, myname, gadget; type=questions[quest].type; numdo=type>=3?1:questions[quest].response.length; document.writeln ("") document.write("\n") document.write(" ") if (questions[quest].img!="") { document.write("\n") document.write("

\n") document.write(" ") } document.write("\n") document.write(" ") document.write(numord) document.write(". ") document.writeln(questions[quest].qstring) document.write("

\n") document.write(" ") for (i=0; i=3) gadget="text"; else if (type==1) { myname+="_"+(i<9?"0":"")+(i+1); gadget="checkbox";} document.write("\n") document.write(" ") document.write(type==7?"":"\" class=\"input\" value=\"\">\n") document.write(" ") if (type<3) document.write(questions[quest].response[i]); document.write("
\n") document.write(" ") } document.write("\n") document.write(" ") } function doTest() { var count, i; count=questions.length; for (i=0; i=l) break; else s="0"+s; return s } function CheckQName(wapf,ii,i,multi,selection){ var len; if (!multi) return(wapf.elements[ii].name==questions[i].qname); len=questions[i].qname.length; if (wapf.elements[ii].name.substring(0,len)!=questions[i].qname) return false; if (wapf.elements[ii].name.substring(len,len+1)!="_") return false; if (eval(wapf.elements[ii].name.substring(len+1,len+3))==(selection+1)) return true; return false; } function errore(uno,due,tre) { if (!errori) global[1]="

You have made the following errors

"; ++errori; cachewrite(""+uno+"
"+due+"
"+mycomment+tre+"

",2); mycomment=""; } function testIE5plus(){ var pos=navigator.appVersion.lastIndexOf('MSIE '); if (pos != -1) { pos+=5; if (eval(navigator.appVersion.charAt(pos))>4) return true;} return false;} function correct(wapf) { var i, ii, t, re, tmp, selection, multi, multipage=0, type, isnull, iswrong, iscorrect, evaluation=0, total=0, udat; errori=waitTime=0; udat=new Array(); for (i=0, ii=0; i"+tmp.value+"
"; if (opera) tmp.value="";}} global[0]=global[2]=""; global[1]="

Congratulations, you haven't made any errors!

"; cachewrite("PowerScore LSAT Terminology Quiz Results

Here are your results
CLICK HERE FOR ALL THE CORRECT ANSWERS

",0) now= new Date() cachewrite(""+" "+fill((now.getMonth()+1),2)+"/"+fill(now.getDate(),2)+"/"+now.getYear()+" "+fill(now.getHours(),2)+":"+fill(now.getMinutes(),2)+"

",0) cachewrite("

PowerScore LSAT Terminology Quiz

\n",0); if (udat.length>0) { cachewrite("Information
\n",0); for (i=0; i=3 && wapf.elements[ii].value!="") { isnull=false; if (wapf.elements[ii].value.toLowerCase()==questions[i].corrects.toLowerCase()) iscorrect=true; else iswrong=true; ++selection;} else if (wapf.elements[ii].checked) { if (questions[i].score!="") evaluation+=questions[i].score[selection]; if (isnull) isnull=false; if (questions[i].corrects[selection]=="1") iscorrect=(iswrong==false)?true:false; else { iswrong=true; if (multi && questions[i].corrects!='') errore(questions[i].qname,"The checkbox "+questions[i].response[selection]+" shouldn't have been selected.",questions[i].explan) } if (questions[i].comment!="" && questions[i].comment[selection]!="") mycomment+=((iscorrect || questions[i].corrects=='')?""+questions[i].qname+"
":"")+""+questions[i].comment[selection]+"
"; } else { if (questions[i].corrects[selection]=="1") { iswrong=true; if (multi && questions[i].corrects!='') errore(questions[i].qname,"The checkbox "+questions[i].response[selection]+" should have been selected.",questions[i].explan); }} ++selection; }} if (multi==false && (isnull || iswrong)) { var okresp="", z; if (type>=3) okresp=questions[i].corrects; else { for (z=0; zCorrect Answer "+okresp+".",questions[i].explan); } if (mycomment!="") cachewrite(mycomment,2); if (questions[i].corrects!="") ++qright; if (isnull) evaluation+=questions[i].ifnull; else if (iswrong) evaluation+=questions[i].ifwrong; else if (iscorrect) evaluation+=questions[i].ifcorrect; total+=evaluation;} if (qright==0) global[1]="
"; if (errori) cachewrite("
You have made "+errori+" "+(errori==1?"error":"errors")+".",2); cachewrite("
Total score: "+total+".
",2); cachewrite("

",2) cachewrite(aknw,2) winr=window.open('','wapres', 'titlebar=1,location=0,directories=0,menubar=1,toolbar=0,scrollbars=1,resizable=1,status=1') for (i=0; i<3; i++) winr.document.write(global[i]);winr.document.close() if ((opera || opera7) && multipage) { document.forms[0].elements[0].value='Print...'; document.forms[0].elements[1].value='Close'; for (i=0; i